Rudarsko Geolosko Naftni Zbornik

As safety at work has become a number one priority in every industry, it is no wonder that new technology and ideas are being tested to improve safety in a variety of workplaces, including, surface and underground mining, construction sites, power plants, factories, etc. Sensor technologies embedded in personal protective equipment (PPE), can be employed to monitor workers’ health, exposure to harmful elements, their proximity to danger zones, etc. This technology connected to smartphones and smartwatches can also heighten workers’ awareness by collecting data on the workplace itself, detecting environmental and health hazards. In this paper, we will present a prototype system that can be employed in underground mining which uses sensors attached to regular PPE clothing, including hard hats and safety glasses which are connected to smartphones and smartwatches via energy-efficient Bluetooth sensors, to provide real-time safety situation awareness and predict health and safety incidents before they occur.

Vancho Adjiski

Zoran Despodov

Dejan Mirakovski

Dalibor Serafimovski

Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik

MGPB

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE TO BRING SMART PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT WEARABLES AND SENSORS TO TRANSFORM SAFETY AT WORK IN THE UNDERGROUND MINING INDUSTRY

A simulation model of the slim-tube test has been developed to validate the laboratory experiment and used EOS as well as to investigate the possibility of serving as a fast and reliable tool for MMP determination. Sensitivity analyses were performed by testing diff erent grid block sizes (a diff erent number of cells), changing Corey’s coeffi cients for relative permeability curves, varying fl ow rates and PVT models. Minimum miscibility pressure from the simulation model is estimated as the intersection of the two diff erent trend line curves of oil recoveries versus the injected volume of CO2. The oil recoveries were underestimated by numerical simulation on a basic case model. This is related to the usage of single “X shaped” relative permeability curves in all simulation cases, i.e. for immiscible, near miscible and miscible conditions. In addition, by fi ne tuning binary interaction parameters in the equation of the state model and introducing diff erent relative permeability curves for immiscible and near miscible cases, better matching of slim-tube simulation can be achieved.

Domagoj Vulin

Faculty of Mining Geology and Petroleum Engineering Pierottijeva 6 Zagreb Croatia

Marko Gaćina

Valentina Biličić

Ina d.d. Lovinčićeva 4 Zagreb Croatia

MET Croatia Energy Trade d.o.o. Radnička cesta 80 Zagreb Croatia

SLIM-TUBE SIMULATION MODEL FOR CO2 INJECTION EOR

Fickian and non-Fickian behaviors were often detected for contaminant transport activity owed to the preferential flow and heterogeneity of soil media. Therefore, using diverse methods to measure such composite solute transport in soil media has become an important research topic for solute transport modeling in soil media. In this article, the continuous-time random walk (CTRW) model was applied to illustrate the relative concentration of transport in low-permeability homogeneous and saturated soil media. The solute transport development was also demonstrated with the convection-dispersion equation (CDE) and Two Region Model (TRM) for comparison. CXTFIT 2.1 software was used for CDE and TRM, and CTRW Matlab Toolbox v.3.1 for the CTRW simulation of the breakthrough curve. It was found that higher values of determination coefficient (R2) and lower values of root mean square error (RMSE) concerning the best fits of CDE, TRM, and CTRW. It was found that in the comparison of CDE, TRM, and CTRW, we tend to use CTRW to describe the transport behavior well because there are prevailing Fickian and non-Fickian transport. The CTRW gives better fitting results to the breakthrough curves (BTCs) when β has an increasing pattern towards 2.00. In this study, the variation of parameters in three methods was investigated and results showed that the CTRW modeling approach is more effective to determine non-reactive contaminants concentration in low-permeability soil media at small depths.

Muhammad Zaheer

Hadayat Ullah

Saad Ahmed Mashwani

Ehsan ul Haq

Syed Husnain Ali Shah

Fawaz Manzoor

MBPB

SOLUTE TRANSPORT MODELLING IN LOW-PERMEABILITY HOMOGENEOUS AND SATURATED SOIL MEDIA

Mt. Medvednica belongs to the western part of the Neogene rift-type North Croatian Basin that occupies the south-western Pannonian Basin System. The Lower to Middle Miocene continental to marine sedimentary complex was studied on Mt. Medvednica in order to interpret the early syn-rift depositional environment and reconstruct palaeogeography of the North Croatian Basin. Based on facies analysis, deposits are grouped into 16 facies based on their lithological characteristics. Six of the facies belong to the alluvial environment that is characterized by coarse-grained bedload siliciclastics. Nine facies are of lacustrine origin. They comprise: a) limestone of shallow lake carbonate bench with silty coal of vegetated marsh, b) deep lake and prodelta marl with sand and conglomerate intercalations deposited by gravity flows, and c) coarse-grained Gilbert-type delta conglomerate. The lacustrine deposits compose a transgressive-regressive sequence. The studied succession ends by facies of calcareous silt intercalated by conglomerates. These deposits belong to the marine offshore to prodelta as the consequence of establishment of the connection to the sea. The deposition was strongly controlled by allogenic factors, such as synsedimentary tectonics, climate, eustatic sea level changes and explosive volcanic activity. The alluvial deposits of Mt. Medvednica are the oldest syn-rift deposits and belong to the large alluvial plain that probably covered the entire North Croatian Basin in the Ottnangian and the Karpatian. These deposits are overlain by the lower Badenian lacustrine deposits, but the question of the existence of one large or several small lakes in the early Badenian North Croatian Basin remains open.

Davor Pavelić

ALLUVIAL-LACUSTRINE-MARINE COMPLEX OF MOUNT MEDVEDNICA: THE EARLY SYN-RIFT DEPOSITION AND PALAEOGEOGRAPHY (EARLY TO MIDDLE MIOCENE, NORTH CROATIAN BASIN)

Despite modern advances in the study of rivers globally, there remains a plethora of work to be done especially in the area of fluvial sedimentology of some present-day river systems. Previous studies on fluvial sedimentology of the sediments of the river Ethiope (in southern Nigeria) are meagre. Grain size analytical methods are indispensable to infer siliciclastic sediments' hydrodynamic conditions, transportation mode(s), and sedimentary environments. Twenty-eight samples (n=28) of the river Ethiope sediments were selected and studied using granulometric analyses (mechanical sieving and pebble morphometric methods). The granulometric analyses results revealed that the obtained sediments were comprised of 82.75% sand, 9.33% gravel, and 7.92% mud. A ternary diagram of sand-gravel-mud shows the sediments are mainly gravelly sand, with few indicating slightly gravelly sand, gravelly muddy sand, muddy sand, and sandy gravel. The grain size statistical analysis shows that the river Ethiope sediments consist of medium to coarse, poorly-sorted to moderately well-sorted, strongly coarse skewed to strongly fine skewed, and very platykurtic to extremely leptokurtic sands. The pebble morphometric analysis revealed that the pebbles range in shape from bladed (B) 22%, compact-bladed (CB) 17%, compact (C) 16%, compact-platy (CP) 16%, compact-elongated (CE) 12%, platy (P) 5%, to elongated (E) 5%. The integration of bivariate plots, ternary diagrams, and C-M patterns plotted for the sediments of the river Ethiope indicated a fluvial environment with sediments characterised by low to moderately high energy that transport sediments of different sizes and grades through saltation, traction, and suspension modes. This study also confirms that sediment transport modes such as saltation, traction, and suspension typify river environments. In general, the existing sedimentologic models derived from grain size analysis of sediments and pebble morphometric methods obtained from modern-day rivers can be applied to better understand transport modes, sedimentary processes, and palaeoenvironments of their ancient counterparts.

Israel Aruoriwo Abiodun ETOBRO

Omabehere Innocent Ejeh

Glory Oghenevwede Ovwamuedo

FLUVIAL SEDIMENTOLOGY OF THE RIVER ETHIOPE SEDIMENTS, NIGER DELTA, SOUTHERN NIGERIA

The accurate prediction and prevention of earthquakes remains challenging. Consequently, the primary approach to mitigate the impact of earthquakes is through disaster risk reduction efforts. One significant strategy involves conducting seismic vulnerability analyses based on disaster scenarios. This study aims to identify and map areas with varying levels of seismic vulnerability, analyzing the factors contributing to vulnerability in the South Bengkulu Regency. Secondary data, including peak ground acceleration (PGA) values, were collected, along with microtremor data obtained through the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method. The recorded microtremor data serve as input parameters for PGA, Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI), Seismic Vulnerability Index (Kg), shear wave velocity (Vs), and the time-averaged shear wave velocity for the first 30 m depths (Vs30) values. The findings reveal that, overall, seismic vulnerability in the South Bengkulu Regency can be categorized as low. However, specific areas, particularly in the southwestern and northeastern zones, exhibit relatively higher levels of vulnerability. The heightened vulnerability in these areas is attributed to elevated PGA values, despite the region's generally high soil density, which acts as a mitigating factor against earthquake threats.

Arif Ismul Hadi

M Farid

Lindung Zalbuin Mase

R Refrizon

Shela Basaria Purba

Darmawan Ikhlas Fadli

Erlan Sumanjaya

ZONATION OF SEISMIC VULNERABILITY LEVELS IN SOUTH BENGKULU REGENCY, INDONESIA FOR DISASTER-BASED REGIONAL PLANNING

Scientific activities in the Antarctic regions have increased daily within the last decades to achieve many different projects. The ice sheet over 98% of the Antarctic continent, the coldest, driest, and windiest place in the world and has the largest desert, makes it very difficult to conduct any kind of study and research. Among them, precise hydrographic surveying should be conducted for many different applications that require reliable and accurate positioning. The output from these surveys plays a vital role in understanding sea level changes, global warming, sea ice movement, navigation and many others. The harsh atmospheric and topographic conditions of the region pose additional challenges to surveyors in the use of conventional terrestrial measurement techniques and satellite-based positioning methods (GNSS) to make positioning. Low quality and noisy GNSS observations with low satellite elevations made their positioning vulnerable to cycle slip, multipath, and discontinuity in Antarctica. This study analyses the performance of the post-processed kinematic Precise Point Positioning (PPP) based on the web-based online GNSS processing service for marine surveying in the high-latitude environment. Within this frame, two realistic experiments were carried out on a ship and zodiac boat during the 6th Turkish Antarctic Expedition (TAE). The results show that the PPP coordinates using an online GNSS processing service provide kinematic positioning with centimetre level of accuracy using a single GNSS receiver. The general results showed that the PPP technique allows for much faster and accurate positioning in remote and high-latitude areas at a lower cost.

Reha Metin Alkan

Mahmut Oğuz Selbesoğlu

Hasan Hakan Yavaşoğlu

Mehmet Arkalı

SEAMLESS PRECISE KINEMATIC POSITIONING IN THE HIGH-LATITUDE ENVIRONMENTS: CASE STUDY IN THE ANTARCTIC REGION

The Upper Miocene lacustrine sandstones of the North Croatian Basin, located in the southwestern Pannonian Basin System, represent significant reservoirs for hydrocarbon exploration, yet their diagenetic evolution remains poorly understood. This study offers a comprehensive investigation into the diagenesis of these sandstones, analyzing samples from 14 exploration wells in the Sava and Drava depressions. Using petrographic analyses, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and petrophysical measurements, we aimed to explain the diagenetic processes affecting reservoir quality and hydrocarbon productivity. Our results reveal a consistent grain size distribution, modal composition, and diagenetic alterations across both depressions. Compaction, evidenced by evolving grain contacts and pressure dissolution, leads to a depth-dependent reduction in porosity. Carbonate cements, notably calcite and Fe-dolomite/ankerite, are primary contributors to reduction of primary intergranular porosity, alongside clay minerals, quartz, feldspar, etc. Secondary porosity resulting from dissolution and redistribution processes also significantly influences overall porosity evolution. Clay minerals, detrital and authigenic, exhibit a complex interplay with other diagenetic processes, further reducing porosity and permeability. Authigenic clay minerals, including illite, chlorite, and kaolinite, act as pore-filling cement or coatings, hindering fluid flow. Paragenetic processes delineate the intricate relationship between mineralogical transformations and petrophysical properties, defining reservoir quality. Understanding diagenetic dynamics is essential for predicting reservoir quality, fluid migration pathways, and hydrocarbon productivity. This study fills a crucial knowledge gap regarding the diagenesis of the Upper Miocene lacustrine sandstones in the southwestern part of the Pannonian Basin System, providing insights vital for the energy sector and supporting sustainable resource development in the region.

Mario Matošević

Nenad Tomašić

Adaleta Perković

Štefica Kampić

Marijan Kovačić

RESERVOIR QUALITY EVALUATION: UNVEILING DIAGENETIC TRANSFORMATIONS THROUGH MINERALOGICAL AND PETROPHYSICAL ANALYSES OF THE UPPER MIOCENE LACUSTRINE SANDSTONES IN THE PANNONIAN BASIN SYSTEM, CROATIA

In-situ leaching (ISL) has gained prominence as a non-destructive method for rare earth element (REE) extraction, particularly in regions like China. However, concerns over the environmental impact and soil stability due to ISL activities have surfaced following a landslide incident. This article distills the essence of a comprehensive research endeavor that delves into the effects of ammonium sulfate ISL leaching, employing concentrations of 0.05M, 0.1M, and 0.5M, on soil mechanical properties. The study encompasses physicochemical, physical, and mechanical tests, unveiling substantial alterations in shear strength, cohesion, angle of internal friction, zeta potential, liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity index following leaching. XRF and XRD analyses reveal the presence of REEs and distinctive mineral phases in the soil samples. Overall, ISL induces a weakening of the soil, raising concerns about potential slope failures and emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of ISL’s impact on soil properties in the context of REE mining.

Amirul Asyraf Mohd Hamka

Meisam Saleki

Zohreh Nabavi

Hesam Dehghani

IMPACTS OF AMMONIUM SULFATE LEACHING ON ION ADSORPTION RARE EARTHS AND SOIL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

The level of occupational respiratory diseases among workers in the mining, machine-building and metallurgical industries remains high. The most common occupational respiratory disease is pneumoconiosis, which is the result of the long-term inhalation of dust. It is possible to minimize the impact of dust on the workers and eliminate such diseases in the future due to the use of filtering mask respirators designed to reduce dust infiltration into the space under the mask. For this purpose, the choice of the type of elastic bands of filtering mask respirators has been substantiated by the geometric shape and tension forces that can ensure a permissible level of leakage of contaminated air into the breathing zone of the respirator during its use. A mathematical model has been developed to describe the influence of parameters of elastomeric headgear on the protective properties of the respirator. The dependence of the change in the residual tensile strength of the elastic bands of the headband has been established, and the dependence of the volume of air suction on the area of the elastic straps at the corresponding tension force has been determined. Using the model, the dependence of the volume of polluted air inflow on the area of the elastic straps at the corresponding tension force has been estimated. The design of the innovative inserts has been offered, which makes it possible to control the tension of the elastomeric head straps of the respirator to visualize the weakening of the pressure forces responsible for maintaining a tight fit.

Larisa Tretiakova

Yurii Cheberyachko

Olena Sharovatova

Tetiana Nehrii

Serhii Nehrii

Bohdan Kravchenko

Oksana Zolotarova

THE INFLUENCE OF HEAD STRAP ELASTICITY ON THE PROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF FILTERING FACEPIECE RESPIRATORS

Ultra-low frequency (ULF) geomagnetic analysis is a robust method for earthquake (EQ) forecasting. We conducted a simultaneous study of EQ precursors around the western part of Java Island in 2020 using wavelet transform (WT) and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) methods. ULF geomagnetic data (March to December 2020, 16:00–21:00 UTC or 23.00–04.00 LT) from Lampung Selatan (LPS) geomagnetic station were used to assess the precursors. We analyzed four EQs with an epicenter distance (R) of around 100 km from LPS station and a magnitude (M) greater than 5 Mw. We analyzed changes in the SZ/SG values and α values from the WT and DFA analyses against the threshold (µ±2σ) to identify anomalies related to the EQs. The result showed that SZ/SG anomalies occurred simultaneously with a decrease in α values several weeks prior to probable source EQ when there was a very low geomagnetic activity (Dst ≤ -30 nT). The Mw5.4 (07/07/2020) EQ might be the main source that led to the appearance of the precursor since it had the highest magnitude and KLS values compared to others. The combined WT and DFA results showed anomalies 1.5–13 weeks before the Mw5.4 (07/07/2020) EQ. The results suggest that WT and DFA are suitable methods for detecting EQ precursors but more work is needed to link the precursors to specific EQs.

Cinantya Nirmala Dewi

Febty Febriani

Titi Anggono

Syuhada Syuhada

Mohamad Ramdhan

Mohammad Hasib

Aditya Dwi Prasetio

Hendra Suwarta Suprihatin

Suaidi Ahadi

Mohammad Nafian

Suwondo Suwondo

Faiz Muttaqy

Muhamad Syirojudin

Hasanudin Hasanudin

Indah Marsyam

ASSESSMENT OF ULTRA-LOW FREQUENCY (ULF) GEOMAGNETIC PHENOMENA ASSOCIATED WITH EARTHQUAKES IN THE WESTERN PART OF JAVA ISLAND, INDONESIA DURING 2020

Egypt is endowed with huge reserves of filler minerals, such as silica sand which form approximately 95% of the Earth's crust. The silica sand industry is used in many fields, such as pharmaceutical practices, chemicals, glass, ceramics, electronics, and photovoltaic industries. The aim of this study is to remove impurities from silica sand and apply surface modification processes to enhance its value for various industrial manufacturing applications. Various processing techniques, including classification, attrition scrubbing, magnetic separation, ultra-fine grinding and surface modification, were conducted throughout the study. The results indicated that attrition scrubbing to the classified size fraction of -0.6 + 0.1 mm was capable of reducing the iron concentration from 0.068% to 0.045%. Utilizing the Box-Behnken design, the optimal conditions for magnetic separation were identified, resulting in a decrease in iron content down to 0.012%. Simultaneously, the silica content increased from 99.05% to 99.76%. The results of ultrafine grinding using an attritor mill revealed that a grinding time of 2 hours is sufficient to reach a size suitable for the coating process. Surface modification of the produced ultrafine sand was conducted using polymers and silanes. The treated sand was characterized using SEM, zeta potential, adsorption density, and FTIR measurements. Notably, hydrophobicity increased, accompanied by an increase in particle size. Simultaneously, the surface becomes flatter, indicating the formation of a thin layer. Consequently, the coated sand proved to be a satisfactory material that met the criteria to be used as a filler in coating and paints.

短名	MGPB
Journal Impact	1.16
国际分区	MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING(Q3)

ISSN	0353-4529, 1849-0409
h-index	19

涉及主题	地质学工程类物理生物材料科学化学计算机科学地理古生物学有机化学岩土工程环境科学冶金数学历史复合材料考古量子力学热力学
出版信息	出版商: Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering University of Zagreb，出版周期: ，期刊类型: journal，开源期刊: 开源
基本数据	创刊年份: 1994，原创研究文献占比: 97.14%，自引率:16.70%， Gold OA占比: 98.95%
平均审稿周期	网友分享经验：12 Weeks

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