International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research

concern among undergraduate nursing students, exacerbated by academic pressures, clinical responsibilities, and socio-cultural challenges. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and explore its contributing factors among nursing students in Nepal. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, involving 260 nursing students selected through stratified random sampling from diverse institutions across Nepal. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire, including the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression screening. The study revealed that approximately 46% of participants reported symptoms of depression, with significant associations found between depression and factors such as age, alcohol consumption, smoking, stress levels, and living area. The odds of depression were higher in older students (aged 21 and above), alcohol consumers, smokers, and those with higher stress levels. Rural students also showed a higher prevalence of depression, though this was not significant after adjusting for other factors. These findings underscore the need for targeted mental health interventions to address the unique stressors faced by nursing students in Nepal, including stress management, substance use prevention, and access to mental health support. Keywords: Depression, Nursing Students, Mental Health, Nepal, Stress, Alcohol Consumption, Smoking, Socio-cultural Factors.

Pratiksha Gautam Marasini

Laxmi Marasini Acharya

Manju Nepal

Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Depression Among Undergraduate Nursing Students in Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study

尼泊尔本科护理学生抑郁的流行率及影响因素：一项横断面研究

Background: Research project supervision has become part and parcel of a university teacher’s role amidst other job roles, thereby increasing their workload and stress levels. Consequently, nurse academics have been saddled with the responsibility to ensure that they graduate students who have mastered the art of writing research projects proficiently. Thus, it is important to understand the key aspects of their experiences during research supervision. Aim: This study explored the experiences of nurse academics as regards supervising nursing students research projects. Methods: Phenomenological approach which is a qualitative research method was used in the study. The population of the study comprised nurse academics from universities in Southeast Nigeria who have supervised students research work in the last two years and are currently supervising nursing students research work. The study was conducted with 19 lecturers who agreed to participate voluntary via in-depth interviews. Results: The themes emerging as a result of the interviews conducted were “research problem formulation is overtly poor”, “unsatisfied about students’ output” and “variable but often large supervisees”. In the study most participants stated that students’ nurses do not know how to formulate research problems and how to present different components of their research proposals. There has also been a disproportion between students’ ratio to staff ratio leading to poor supervision. Conclusion: The study revealed that it is necessary to develop students research writing skills by introducing adequate trainings. Institutional heads should recruit more academics to match the yearly increase in enrolment of students to prevent burnout for lecturers. Keywords: Nurse Academics, Research Supervision, Experiences, Nursing Students

Anagor Chiamaka Rosemary

Chinweuba Antonia Ukamaka

Madu Obiageri Theresa

Experiences of Nurse Academics Regarding Nursing Students Research Supervision: A Qualitative Study

护理学学术人员对护理学生研究指导的体验：一项定性研究

Background: Hospital planning in preparedness and response to face emergencies is an important and fundamental part that requires cooperation between work units within the hospital and with other organizations outside the hospital (Al-Shareef et al. 2017). Hospitals need to implement the Hospital K3 Management System because it is part of the overall Hospital management system. Objective: To analyze the readiness of Sis Al-Jufrie Hospital in Fire Prevention in the Hospital Occupational Safety and Health Program (K3RS). Method: This research is an evaluative research using a purely qualitative approach. Results: The readiness of Sis Al-Jufrie Hospital and Bhayangkara Hospital Palu is still not optimal due to the lack of attention from the hospital regarding readiness to face fire disasters as seen from several existing indicators such as a busy work schedule so that the K3RS committee still has difficulty in making a fire training schedule, there are no hydrants or fire detection devices such as sprinklers at Sis Al-Jufrie Hospital and Bhayangkara Hospital Palu, but overall Sis Al-Jufrie Hospital and Bhayangkara Hospital Palu are sufficient because they are equipped with APAR, exit signs, emergency doors and there is a fire training program and there is also a K3RS committee for fire protection. Keywords: Fire, Hospital occupational safety and health

Muhammad Ali Hi Palanro

Zainuddin .

Muhammad Basir

Readiness Analysis of Sis Al-Jufrie Hospital and the Bhayangkara Hospital in Palu in Fire Management in the Hospital Occupational Safety and Health Program

西斯阿尔-朱弗里医院和巴扬卡拉医院在帕卢的医院职业安全与健康计划中的火灾管理准备情况分析

Mental health legislation has evolved significantly, shifting from a medical framework to a more legal-centric approach. Initially, laws were grounded in medical models, treating individuals with mental disorders as patients requiring involuntary care. This often led to the marginalization of legal rights, with patients subjected to confinement and treatment based solely on medical authority. Over time, however, the need for legal safeguards to protect individual autonomy and dignity became more evident. The shift from medicalism to legalism reflects broader societal changes, including a growing emphasis on human rights, the de-stigmatization of mental illness, and the importance of personal autonomy. Modern mental health laws now aim to balance medical care with legal protections, ensuring individuals' rights to informed consent, non-discrimination, and due process. This paper examines the milestones in the development of mental health legislation, focusing on how legal frameworks have evolved to safeguard the rights of those with mental health conditions. It also explores the role of international conventions, national reforms, and judicial interventions in promoting a rights-based approach. Ultimately, this paper underscores the importance of legal protections in ensuring the dignity and equality of individuals with mental health issues in contemporary society. Keywords: Mental Health Legislation, Medicalism, Legalism, Human Rights, Autonomy

Prithivi Raj

Soubhagya Sundar Nanda

Murtaza S. Noorani

From Medicalism to Legalism: Evolving Perspectives in Mental Health Legislation and the Protection of Individual Rights

从医学主义到法治主义：精神健康立法与个人权利保护的演变视角

In the last few decades there have been an increased number of accidents leading to trauma including crush injuries and open fractures with bone loss. In Orthopaedic surgery, bone harvested from donor sites is the gold standard for grafting procedure. Although autograft is the standard that all bone graft substitutes must meet or exceed, autograft has significant limitations. Allograft provides an excellent scaffold for the production of the host bone. Allograft bone is available in an unlimited quantity and better quality. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate efficacy of Allograft in fracture healing. 30 patients who had bone loss due to fractures, which resulted due to trauma, osteomyelitis, non union and other causes, were included in this study. They were treated with allograft as a bone graft substitute in the institution between the period of January 2023 to February 2024. This study concludes that pure cancellous allograft has properties similar to autograft and has complete graft incorporation. The bone allograft has no donor site morbidity as compared to autograft. The main challenge in using allograft is control of infection which was solved by using meticulous surgical and medical techniques to counter the infection. There was no significant difference in graft incorporation in infected and non-infected patients. Thus, we could conclude that allograft behaves in the same way in infected and non-infected cases. Keywords: Fracture, Trauma, Allograft, Grafting, Bone Loss

Mohammed Quasim Laskar

Anshuman Dutta

Vikash Agarwala

Efficacy of Allograft in Fracture Healing

同种异体移植物在骨折愈合中的疗效

Background: Ischemic stroke is a cerebrovascular disease characterized by focal or global neurological deficits with clinical signs lasting 24 hours or more caused by disruption of blood supply to the brain. Stroke is the second leading cause of death in the world with 6.7 million deaths every year. The prevalence of stroke in Indonesia according to Riskesdas in 2018 reached 10.9%, namely around 2,120,362 people in Indonesia. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for ischemic stroke. Data from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) shows that in 2021 there will be 537 million cases of DM in adults aged 20-79 years, with an estimated increase to 643 million in 2030. With the estimated number of sufferers of type 2 diabetes mellitus continuing to increase, it can be concluded that ischemic stroke sufferers also continue to increase. Methods: Observational analytic with cross-sectional design. Sampling was taken from medical record data at the Regional General Hospital. Dr. Chasbullah Abdulmadjid Bekasi City with a total of 87 patients who met the inclusion criteria Results: The results of research conducted using Chi-Square Analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and acute ischemic stroke with a P value of 0.698. The results of the Pearson Chi-Square analysis and Fisher exact test accepted H0 and rejected H1 (there was no relationship). Conclusions: There is no significant relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and the incidence of acute ischemic stroke Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Ischemic, Stroke

Tranggono Yudo Utomo

Reika Azliadinda Salsabila

Welly Salutondok

The Relationship Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and The Incidence of Acute Ischemic Stroke

2型糖尿病与急性缺血性卒中发病率的关系

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International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research

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Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Depression Among Undergraduate Nursing Students in Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study

Experiences of Nurse Academics Regarding Nursing Students Research Supervision: A Qualitative Study

Readiness Analysis of Sis Al-Jufrie Hospital and the Bhayangkara Hospital in Palu in Fire Management in the Hospital Occupational Safety and Health Program

From Medicalism to Legalism: Evolving Perspectives in Mental Health Legislation and the Protection of Individual Rights

Efficacy of Allograft in Fracture Healing

Prevalence and Contributing Factors of Depression Among Undergraduate Nursing Students in Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study

Experiences of Nurse Academics Regarding Nursing Students Research Supervision: A Qualitative Study

Readiness Analysis of Sis Al-Jufrie Hospital and the Bhayangkara Hospital in Palu in Fire Management in the Hospital Occupational Safety and Health Program

From Medicalism to Legalism: Evolving Perspectives in Mental Health Legislation and the Protection of Individual Rights

The Relationship Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and The Incidence of Acute Ischemic Stroke