从发酵到基因操作的生物技术技术与食品和饮料、燃料生产、化学和制药以及废物管理行业的关系越来越密切。因此，学术机构和工业机构需要跟上不断研究发展而来的概念、数据和方法。本期刊提供了一个对近期和当前出版物进行批判性评估的论坛，并定期对最新技术进行评估来自世界各地不同地理区域的报告。投稿作者是各自领域公认的专家，每篇文章均由客观专家审阅，以确保演示文稿的准确性和客观性。

As biotechnology continues to evolve in areas such as fermentation and genetic manipulation, its relationship with industries like food and beverage, fuel production, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and waste management is becoming increasingly close. Therefore, both academic and industrial institutions need to stay updated with the emerging concepts, data, and methods. This journal provides a platform for critically assessing recent and current publications and regularly evaluates the latest technological reports from various geographical regions around the world. All authors submitting manuscripts are recognized experts in their respective fields, and each article undergoes objective peer review to ensure accuracy and objectivity.

随着生物技术在发酵、基因操作等领域的不断发展，其与食品和饮料、燃料生产、化学、制药及废物管理等行业的关系日益紧密。因此，学术界和工业界需要及时了解不断涌现的研究概念、数据和方法。本期刊提供了一个批判性评估近期和当前出版物的平台，并定期评估来自全球不同地区的最新技术报告。所有投稿作者均为各自领域的公认专家，每篇文章都经过客观专家的审阅，以确保内容的准确性和客观性。

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology

The diversity and complexity of secondary metabolites in tea plants contribute substantially to the popularity of tea, by determining tea flavors and their numerous health benefits. The most significant characteristics of tea plants are that they concentrate the complex plant secondary metabolites into one leaf: flavonoids, alkaloids, theanine, volatiles, and saponins. Many fundamental questions regarding tea plant secondary metabolism remain unanswered. This includes how tea plants accumulate high levels of monomeric galloylated catechins, unlike the polymerized flavan-3-ols in most other plants, as well as how they are evolved to selectively synthesize theanine and caffeine, and how tea plants properly transport and store these cytotoxic products and then reuse them in defense. Tea plants coordinate many metabolic pathways that simultaneously take place in young tea leaves in response to both developmental and environmental cues. With the available genome sequences of tea plants and high-throughput metabolomic tools as great platforms, it is of particular interest to launch metabolic genomics studies using tea plants as a model system. Plant metabolic genomics are to investigate all aspects of plant secondary metabolism at the genetic, genome, and molecular levels. This includes plant domestication and adaptation, divergence and convergence of secondary metaboloic pathways. The biosynthesis, transport, storage, and transcriptional regulation mechanisms of all metabolites are of core interest in the plant as a whole. This review highlights relevant contexts of metabolic genomics, outstanding questions, and strategies for answering them, with aim to guide future research for genetic improvement of nutrition quality for healthier plant foods.

Jian Zhao

Penghui Li

Tao Xia

Xiaochun Wan

Exploring plant metabolic genomics: chemical diversity, metabolic complexity in the biosynthesis and transport of specialized metabolites with the tea plant as a model

探索植物代谢基因组学：化学多样性、代谢复杂性在茶树模型中的特化代谢物生物合成与转运

Abstract Single-cell approaches are a promising way to obtain high-resolution transcriptomics data and have the potential to revolutionize the study of plant growth and development. Recent years have seen the advent of unprecedented technological advances in the field of plant biology to study the transcriptional information of individual cells by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). This review focuses on the modern advancements of single-cell transcriptomics in plants over the past few years. In addition, it also offers a new insight of how these emerging methods will expedite advance research in plant biotechnology in the near future. Lastly, the various technological hurdles and inherent limitations of single-cell technology that need to be conquered to develop such outstanding possible knowledge gain is critically analyzed and discussed.

Harmeet Kaur

Priyanka Jha

Sergio J. Ochatt

Vijay Kumar

Single-cell transcriptomics is revolutionizing the improvement of plant biotechnology research: recent advances and future opportunities

单细胞转录组学正在革新植物生物技术研究的改进：最新进展与未来机遇

The development of plant tissue (including organ and cell) cultures for the production of secondary metabolites has been underway for more than three decades. Plant cell cultures with the production of high-value secondary metabolites are promising potential alternative sources for the production of pharmaceutical agents of industrial importance. Medicinal plant cell suspension cultures (MPCSC), which are characterized with the feature of fermentation with plant cell totipotency, could be a promising alternative "chemical factory". However, low productivity becomes an inevitable obstacle limiting further commercialization of MPCSC and the application to large-scale production is still limited to a few processes. This review generalizes and analyzes the recent progress of this bioproduction platform for the provision of medicinal chemicals and outlines a range of trials taken or underway to increase product yields from MPCSC. The scale-up of MPCSC, which could lead to an unlimited supply of pharmaceuticals, including strategies to overcome and solution of the associated challenges, is discussed.

Wei Yue

Qian-Liang Ming

Bing Lin

Khalid Rahman

Cheng-Jian Zheng

Ting Han

Lu-Ping Qin

Medicinal plant cell suspension cultures: pharmaceutical applications and high-yielding strategies for the desired secondary metabolites

药用植物细胞悬浮培养：药物应用及高产策略以获得所需次生代谢产物

Natural rubber, obtained almost exclusively from the Para rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis), is a unique biopolymer of strategic importance that, in many of its most significant applications, cannot be replaced by synthetic rubber alternatives. Several pressing motives lead to the search for alternative sources of natural rubber. These include increased evidence of allergenic reactions to Hevea rubber, the danger that the fungal pathogen Microcyclus ulei, causative agent of South American Leaf Blight (SALB), might spread to Southeast Asia, which would severely disrupt rubber production, potential shortages of supply due to increasing demand and changes in land use, and a general trend towards the replacement of petroleum-derived chemicals with renewables. Two plant species have received considerable attention as potential alternative sources of natural rubber: the Mexican shrub Guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) and the Russian dandelion (Taraxacum koksaghyz). This review will summarize the current production methods and applications of natural rubber (dry rubber and latex), the threats to the production of natural rubber from the rubber tree, and describe the current knowledge of the production of natural rubber from guayule and Russian dandelion.

Jan B. van Beilen

Yves Poirier

Guayule and Russian Dandelion as Alternative Sources of Natural Rubber

银胶菊和俄罗斯蒲公英作为天然橡胶的替代来源

In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, including plants, phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient that is involved in various biochemical processes, such as lipid metabolism and the biosynthesis of nucleic acids and cell membranes. P also contributes to cellular signaling cascades by function as mediators of signal transduction and it also serves as a vital energy source for a wide range of biological functions. Due to its intensive use in agriculture, P resources have become limited. Therefore, it is critically important in the future to develop scientific strategies that aim to increase P use efficiency and P recycling. In addition, the biologically available soluble form of P for uptake (phosphate; Pi) is readily washed out of topsoil layers, resulting in serious environmental pollution. In addition to this environmental concern, the wash out of Pi from topsoil necessitates a continuous Pi supply to maintain adequate levels of fertilization, making the situation worse. As a coping mechanism to P stress, plants are known to undergo drastic cellular changes in metabolism, physiology, hormonal balance and gene expression. Understanding these molecular, physiological and biochemical responses developed by plants will play a vital role in improving agronomic practices, resource conservation and environmental protection as well as serving as a foundation for the development of biotechnological strategies, which aim to improve P use efficiency in crops. In this review, we will discuss a variety of plant responses to low P conditions and various molecular mechanisms that regulate these responses. In addition, we also discuss the implication of this knowledge for the development of plant biotechnological applications.

Sukbong Ha

Lam-Son Tran

Understanding plant responses to phosphorus starvation for improvement of plant tolerance to phosphorus deficiency by biotechnological approaches

通过生物技术手段提高植物对磷缺乏耐受性的植物对磷饥饿响应机制研究

The biomolecular condensates (BCs) formed by proteins through phase separation provide the necessary space and raw materials for the orderly progression of cellular activities, and on this basis, various membraneless organelles (MLOs) are formed. The occurrence of eukaryotic phase separation is driven by multivalent interactions from intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) and/or specific protein/nucleic acid binding domains and is regulated by various environmental factors. In plant and animal cells, the MLOs involved in gene expression regulation, stress response, and mitotic control display similar functions and mechanisms. In contrast, the phase separation related to reproductive development and immune regulation differs significantly between the two kingdoms owing to their distinct cell structures and nutritional patterns. In addition, animals and plants each exhibit unique protein phase separation activities, such as neural regulation and light signal response. By comparing the similarities and differences in the formation mechanism and functional regulation of known protein phase separation, we elucidated its importance in the evolution, differentiation, and environmental adaptation of both animals and plants. The significance of studying protein phase separation for enhancing biological quality of life has been further emphasized.

Min Li

Xue Yang

Di Zhang

Yuan Tian

Zi-Chang Jia

Wen-Hui Liu

Rui-Rui Hao

Yun-Sheng Chen

Mo-Xian Chen

Ying-Gao Liu

A story of two kingdoms: unravelling the intricacies of protein phase separation in plants and animals

两个王国的故事：揭开动植物蛋白质相分离的复杂性

Agricultural byproducts generally contain abundant bioactive compounds (e.g., cellulose/hemicellulose, phenolic compounds (PCs), and dietary fibers (DFs)), but most of them are neglected and underutilized. Owing to the complicated and rigid structures of agricultural byproducts, a considerable amount of bioactive compounds are entrapped in the polymer matrix, impeding their further development and utilization. In recent years, the prominent performance of cellulolytic fungi to grow and degrade agricultural byproducts has been applied to achieve efficient biotransformation of byproducts to high-value compounds, which is a green and sustainable strategy for the reutilization of agricultural byproducts. This review comprehensively summarizes recent progress in the value-added biotransformation of agricultural byproducts by cellulolytic fungi, including (1) direct utilization of agricultural byproducts for biochemicals and bioethanol production via a consolidated bioprocessing, (2) recovery and biotransformation of bounded PCs from agricultural byproducts for higher bioactive properties, as well as (3) modification and conversion of insoluble DF from agricultural byproducts to produce functional soluble DF. The functional enzymes, potential mechanisms, and metabolic pathways involved are emphasized. Moreover, promising advantages and current bottlenecks using cellulolytic fungi have also been elucidated, shedding further perspectives for sustainable and efficient reutilization of agricultural byproducts by cellulolytic fungi.

Su Yan

Jia-Jia Ma

Dan Wu

Gui-Li Huang

Xiao-Wei Yu

Yu-Ning Wang

Value-added biotransformation of agricultural byproducts by cellulolytic fungi: a review

农业副产品纤维素降解真菌增值生物转化研究综述

Resveratrol is an antioxidant abundant in plants like grapes and peanuts and has garnered significant attention for its potential therapeutic applications. This review explores its chemical attributes, stability, and solubility, influencing its diverse applications and bioavailability. Resveratrol's multifaceted therapeutic roles encompass: antioxidant, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-aging, and anticancer properties. While traditionally studied in preclinical settings, a surge in clinical trials underscores resveratrol's promise for human health. Over 250 recent clinical trials investigate its effects alone and in combination with other compounds. Commercially utilized in food, cosmetics, supplements, and pharmaceuticals, the resveratrol market is expanding, driven by microbial fermentation. Microbes offer advantages over plant extraction and chemical synthesis, providing cost-effective, pure, and sustainable production. Microbial biosynthesis can be attained from carbon sources, such as glucose or xylose, among others, which can be obtained from renewable resources or agro-industrial wastes. While

Carlos E. Costa

Aloia Romaní

Lucília Domingues

Overview of resveratrol properties, applications, and advances in microbial precision fermentation

白藜芦醇的特性、应用及微生物精准发酵进展概述

have been widely used in industrial compound production for their incomplete oxidation ability. However, they are often subjected to a wide variety of severe environmental stresses, such as extreme pH, high temperature, osmotic pressure, and organic solvents, which greatly repress microbial growth viability and productivity. As typical biocatalysis chassis cells with a high tolerance to external environmental stresses, it is extremely important to construct highly tolerant chassis cells and understand the tolerance mechanisms of

Yan Chen

Fei Liu

Aobo Sha

Meijuan Xu

Zhiming Rao

Xian Zhang

The mechanisms of environmental stress tolerance in <i>Gluconobacter oxydans</i> : progress and perspectives

<i>Gluconobacter oxydans</i> 环境胁迫耐受机制：进展与展望

Peptide-based medications hold immense potential in addressing a wide range of human disorders and discomforts. However, their widespread utilization encounters two major challenges: preservation and production efficiency. Cyclotides, a class of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs), exhibit unique characteristics, such as a cyclic backbone and cystine knot, enhancing their stability and contributing to a wide range of pharmacological properties exhibited by these compounds. Cyclotides are efficient in the biomedical (e.g., antitumor, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antiviral) and agrochemical fields by exhibiting activity against pests and plant diseases. Furthermore, their structural attributes make them suitable as molecular scaffolds for grafting and drug delivery. Notably, the mutated variant of kalata B1 cyclotide ([T20K] kalata B1) has recently entered phase 1 of human clinical trials for multiple sclerosis, building upon the success observed in animal trials. To enable large-scale production of cyclotides, it is crucial to further explore their remarkable structural and bioactive properties. This necessitates extensive research focused on enhancing the efficiency of the processes required for their production. This study provides a comprehensive review of the biological synthesis methods of cyclotides, with particular emphasis on various expression systems, namely bacteria, plants, yeast, and cell-free systems. By investigating these expression systems, it becomes possible to design production systems that are adaptable, economically viable, and efficient for generating active and pure cyclotides at an industrial scale. The advantages of biological synthesis over chemical synthesis are thoroughly explored, highlighting the potential of these expression systems in meeting the demands of large-scale cyclotide production.

Mohammad Sadegh Taghizadeh

Ali Niazi

Armin Mirzapour-Kouhdasht

Eric C. Pereira

Marco Garcia-Vaquero

Enhancing cyclotide bioproduction: harnessing biological synthesis methods and various expression systems for large-scale manufacturing

增强环肽生物生产：利用生物合成方法和多种表达系统实现大规模制造

Abbreviation	Crit. Rev. Biotechnol.
Journal Impact	8.16
Quartiles(Global)	BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY(Q1)

ISSN	0738-8551, 1549-7801
h-index	123

Publication Information	Publisher: Informa Healthcare，Publishing cycle: Quarterly，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1983，Proportion of original research papers: 0.00%，Self Citation Rate:0.00%， Gold OA Rate: 9.69%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：约稿?周期不定
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：一般

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology

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