Rorschachiana

Abstract. Form Quality (FQ) scores are well-validated measures of the accuracy of perceptive processes, of reality testing, and of the severity of psychological disturbance. Research studies reveal that inter-rater reliability of FQ scoring is good when visualized objects are available in the FQ tables. However, many visualized objects are not found in the FQ tables so that scoring must rely on one’s individual judgment. Thus, a major question remains unsolved: How reliably can examiners make FQ judgments in the absence of the FQ tables? To address this question, we used the Rorschach Performance Assessment System (R-PAS) method. We asked 21 graduate students from our research labs to rate Form Accuracy (FA) and FQ for 86 objects from a subset of four Rorschach card (I, III, VI, and VIII). The results clearly reveal that FQ judgments made by individual examiners without using the FQ tables are not reliable. When scoring FQ, one should carefully scrutinize the empirically supported FQ tables and base the FQ score on these rather than personal judgments.

Claudia Pignolo

Donald J. Viglione

Luciano Giromini

Rorschachiana Journal of the International Society for the Rorschach

How Reliably Can Examiners Make Form Quality (FQ) Judgments in the Absence of the Form Quality (FQ) Tables?

在没有表格的情况下，考官能多可靠地做出表格质量（FQ）判断？

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to examine the basic features of Color Projection (CP). This study examined how CP appeared in relation to card, position, location, development quality, form quality, determinants, contents, special scores, and projected colors. Japanese adult psychiatric patients participated in the study. A total of 68 CP responses in 37 protocols were collected from over 1,500 Rorschach protocols. The results indicated that almost 60% of CP were in response to Card I or VI, which suggests that CP may be an initial shock reaction to achromatic colors and shading. Moreover, almost all CP were shown with the card in the original position, and more than half of CP were shown with W and DQo. This suggests that coping strategies when using CP may consist of changing recognitions rather than changing behaviors. On the other hand, these results also show that almost 30% of CP responses were scored MOR, and some CP responses were changed to colors that are generally considered to be less beautiful or undesirable in Japan. Therefore, in conclusion, it is possible that the current interpretive hypothesis of denial of unpleasant feelings may not be characteristic of all CP responses.

Sanae Aoki

Nobuo Kogayu

Color Projection in the Rorschach Test

罗夏墨迹测验中的颜色投射

Abstract. This article summarizes the development and research status of the Rorschach Test in China as comprehensively as possible. The development of the Rorschach Test in China can be divided into two stages: the initial stage and the developing stage. At the initial stage the research mainly includes: introduction and localization of the Rorschach Test, studies on schizophrenia, and the measurement of intelligence and personality. In the developing stage the research mainly includes: spreading and localization of the Rorschach Test, the variables, indices, and derivative scales, clinical psychology, talent assessment, combination with eye movement techniques, the Group Rorschach Inkblot Test, and reviews. Based on the domestic development and research status of the Rorschach Test, the article also summarizes the achievements and issues present in existing studies and puts forward the prospect of researching the Rorschach Test in China.

Jiang Yanhua

Fonny Dameaty Hutagalung

The Development of the Rorschach Test in China

罗夏墨迹测验在中国的发展

Abstract. Although clinicians have a long history of using drawings for personality and emotional assessment, the empirical validation of the drawings has been inconsistent. The goal of this study was to examine the validity of the Sixty-Second Drawing Test (SSDT) in predicting close relationships and depression. The sample consisted of 2,883 Hungarian students. The SSDT required participants to draw a series of circles, where the circles represented the self, significant others, different moods, and God. Standardized questionnaires (the Experiences in Close Relationships–Revised and the Children’s Depression Inventory) were also administered. Generally speaking, small distances and relatively smaller self-circles were associated with better relationships. Depression was indicated by drawing large bad-mood circles that were close to one’s self-circle, along with small happiness-circles that were distant from one’s self-circle. The magnitudes of all associations were small to moderate, with explained variances ranging from 7.6% to 21.9%. The results suggest that using drawings of circles to represent important object-relations can, to some extent, predict interpersonal relations and depressive symptoms. Although we do not advocate using the SSDT as a clinical diagnostic measure, it can serve as a useful screening tool for identifying potential relational and affective difficulties.

Zsuzsanna Kövi

James B. Hittner

Zsuzsanna Mirnics

Ferenc Grezsa

Máté Smohai

Nenad Jakšić

Veronika Mészáros

Sándor Rózsa

András Vargha

Zsuzsanna Tanyi

Zoltán Vass

Concurrent Validity of the Sixty-Second Drawing Test in Measuring High-Schoolers’ Close Relationships and Depression

六十秒绘画测试在测量高中生亲密关系和抑郁症状上的同时效度

Abstract. Motherhood, listed by the World Health Organization as a period of fragility and vulnerability, involves significant changes at the individual, family and social level. Becoming a mother entails a number of risk factors to take into account. It is therefore necessary to carry out studies on general populations not suffering from psychopathological disorders to better understand these risk factors linked to motherhood. This study was carried out in France with a nonconsulting population in the postnatal phase ( N = 30) using the Rorschach test, as it presents numerous advantages to appreciate the psychic and corporeal transformations linked to birth. The quantitative results of the test were compared with recently updated norms ( De Tychey et al., 2012 ). Eight values of the psychogram remained normative (F%, F+%, W%, Dd%, M, C, H%, P) reflecting the characteristics of a general population; conversely, eight other values of the psychogram (R, D%, S%, A%, RC%, m, E, Anguish Index%) differed significantly from general population norms. These results increase knowledge to help appreciate the complexity of the psychic processes at work during the postnatal period, and to prevent psychopathological disorders. It is thus possible to distinguish these disorders from those that are transitory and classically linked to the upheaval caused by the onset of motherhood.

Rose-Angélique Belot

Marie-Christine Pheulpin

Pacal Roman

Margaux Bouteloup

Mathilde Pointurier

Diane Paez

Nicolas Mottet

Denis Mellier

Motherhood Specificities With the Rorschach Method

罗夏墨迹法中的母性特质

Abstract: The field of school psychology has existed for 70 years in France. Although the goals of school psychologists are numerous, the main purpose is to help children be happy at school in their learning and socializing abilities. Either through a complete psychological assessment or simple interviews, the school psychologist will try to understand a child’s symptoms and how they express inner conflicts. Here, Sarah’s case, a young and bright 8-year-old schoolgirl, is examined here through a psychoanalytic perspective. Far from being bored at school, which is the reason why Sarah’s mother consulted the school psychologist, a different issue was revealed through projective tests (Rorschach and Children’s Apperception Test [CAT]). Behind creative and joyful answers, hides Sarah’s fear of growing up and this is narrowly linked with the anxiety of losing her parents, who are both in frail health with overweight problems. The discussion focuses on the value of projective and creative tools to understand the child’s inner conflicts and will highlight the link between creativity and anxiety.

Christine France Peiffer

Xanthie Vlachopoulou

Dimitra Laimou

Sarah and the Fear of Growing Up – A Case Study in School Psychology, Examined From a Psychoanalytic Perspective

莎拉与成长的恐惧——学校心理学案例研究，从精神分析视角探讨

Abstract: Our study was conducted between 2020 and 2021 with a sample of 499 Swiss professionals. The research focused on exploring the current use of the Rorschach Test in the clinical practice of Swiss psychologists/psychotherapists, focusing on (1) how often clinicians use this test, (2) understanding the differences in its use among the various regions of Switzerland, (3) understanding why the test is either used or not, (4) which type of interpretative analysis is most commonly used (quantitative vs. qualitative), (5) which scoring reference manuals are most often used, and (6) what are the clinicians’ opinions on the future of the Rorschach Test. Data showed that about half of Swiss French (47.3%) and Swiss Italian (53.6%) clinicians still use the Rorschach Test, whereas only 17.8% of Swiss German clinicians use it. However, the Rorschach Test remains among the top three personality tests used in Switzerland (drawing tests: 34.3%; Rorschach: 32.0%; Thematic Apperception Test: 30.3%). A lack of adequate training for this test and a general nonuse of projective tests appear to be the main reasons why some clinicians do not use it. Nevertheless, the test is widely used for the vast amount of information it offers and for its diagnostic validity. Swiss Italian and Swiss German clinicians used both qualitative and quantitative analysis, unlike Swiss French therapists, who seemed to prefer qualitative analysis.

Gilles A. Baggi

Antonella Martino

The Use of the Rorschach Test in Switzerland 100 Years After Its Publication

瑞士出版100年后罗夏墨迹测验的应用

Filippo Aschieri

Editorial

社论

Abstract: Health risk behaviors, such as cigarette smoking, may be triggered by failures in thought suppression, a cognitive avoidance strategy associated with rumination. To date, no study has examined the role of personality features in the performance of thought suppression in smokers and nonsmokers. To address this gap in the literature, we aimed to (1) examine whether some stable personality features might be related to thought suppression failure independent of smoking status and (2) investigate whether smokers have different personality traits compared with nonsmokers that might be related to cognitive avoidance strategies and difficulties in cognitive emotion regulation suggesting the presence of rumination/failures in suppressing mental content. We included 39 nonsmokers and 40 regular smokers in the study and implemented a multimethod psychological research design. Specifically, we administered a typical performance-based measure (i.e., Rorschach [R-PAS]) and a behavioral task (i.e., the thought suppression task). Our results indicate that failures in thought suppression are associated with stable aspects of personality related to the presence of thinking problems (e.g., Sum of Severe Cognitive Codes) and passive attitudes (e.g., Passive proportion). Moreover, failures in suppressing a mental content seem to be associated with difficulties in problem-solving strategies with a constant focus on one’s inner world.

Francesca Ales

Patrice Rusconi

Alessandro Zennaro

Agata Andò

The Role of Personality Features and Cognitive Avoidance Strategies in Cigarette Smoking Behavior

人格特征与认知回避策略在吸烟行为中的作用

Abstract: Content analysis is a storied and notorious supplement to Rorschach interpretation. This interpretive venture can prove fruitful in eliciting an interpreter’s experience-near subjectivity that otherwise escapes self-report or direct expression. Rorschach content analysis is particularly compelling when exploring the more frequent or recurring themes elicited through recurring content imagery. As Schafer (1954, p. 142) wrote, “it is the choice and patterning of these images that carry the patient’s individual stamp.” This paper aims to convey an individual stamp through a case study of a woman embedded in circumstances that appeared to decorate her percepts in imagery of captivity, immobility, seclusion, and feeling stuck. Supplementary to her summary of scores, a Rorschach content analysis was applied to refine the interpretation of her protocol, spark conversation, and help the patient feel more accurately understood.

John Rucker

When Inkblot Imitates Life – A Case Study of Rorschach Content Analysis

墨迹模仿生活——罗夏墨迹内容分析案例研究

Publication Information	Publisher: Hogrefe Publishing，Publishing cycle: ，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 2008，Proportion of original research papers: 0.00%，Self Citation Rate:N.A.， Gold OA Rate: 0.00%

Rorschachiana

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