测量科学与技术发表关于新测量技术和相关仪器的文章。描述实验的论文必须代表测量科学或测量技术的进步，而不是已建立的实验技术的应用。考虑到期刊的多学科性质，作者必须对其工作进行介绍，以明确其工作在测量环境中的新颖性、重要性、更广泛的相关性以及与测量科学与技术读者群的相关性。所有提交的文章都应考虑所提供的测量的不确定性、精度和/或准确性。主题范围包括从开始到商业开发的物理、化学、工程以及环境和生命科学中测量的理论、实践和应用。期刊中的出版物应强调报告方法的新颖性，对其进行表征并使用示例或应用程序展示其性能。

The journal "Measurement Science and Technology" publishes research articles on new measurement technologies and related instruments. All experimental papers must demonstrate advancements in measurement science or technology, rather than merely applying established experimental techniques. Given the multidisciplinary nature of the journal, authors are required to clearly articulate the novelty, significance, broader relevance, and connection of their work to the readership of "Measurement Science and Technology". All submitted articles should consider the uncertainty, precision, and/or accuracy of the measurements provided. The scope of the journal includes the theory, practice, and application of measurements in physics, chemistry, engineering, environmental, and life sciences, ranging from fundamental research to commercial development. Publications in the journal should emphasize the novelty of the reported methods and demonstrate their performance through examples or applications.

《Measurement Science and Technology》期刊发表关于新测量技术及相关仪器的研究文章。所有描述实验的论文必须展示测量科学或测量技术的进步，而不仅仅是已建立实验技术的应用。考虑到期刊的多学科性质，作者需清晰阐述其研究在测量领域中的新颖性、重要性及广泛相关性，以及与《Measurement Science and Technology》读者群的关联性。所有提交的文章都应关注所提供测量的不确定性、精度和/或准确性。期刊涵盖的主题范围包括从基础研究到商业开发的物理、化学、工程、环境及生命科学中的测量理论、实践与应用。期刊中的出版物应强调方法的新颖性，并通过示例或应用展示其性能。

Measurement Science and Technology

Abstract A key factor in determining the comfort level of eyeglasses is the clamping force at the temple. However, how to accurately measure and estimate the clamping force remains under-explored. Hence, to address this gap, we proposed a novel temple clamping force measurement method with a digital tension meter and developed a mathematical model to calculate the clamping force of the temples based on eyeglasses parameters (including length, one-side displacement, and flexural rigidity of the temples). To validate our method, we collected the simulated and physical datasets of different eyeglasses and conducted a multiple regression analysis to calculate the model parameters. The experimental results demonstrated the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method. This model can guide us in customizing the parameters of the eyeglasses to produce comfortable clamping forces for the users. Our codes and data will be publicly available at: https://github.com/Easy-Shu/Eyeglasses_Force_Modelling.

Jie Zhang

Junjian Chen

Yan Luximon

A Comprehensive Study on Temple Clamping Force for Eyeglasses Design: from Measuring to Modelling

We present an in-fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based intervertebral disc (IVD) pressure sensor that has pressure sensitivity seven times greater than that of a bare fiber, and a major diameter and sensing area of only 400 µm and 0.03 mm2, respectively. This is the only optical, the smallest and the most mechanically compliant disc pressure sensor reported in the literature. This is also an improvement over other FBG pressure sensors that achieve increased sensitivity through mechanical amplification schemes, usually resulting in major diameters and sensing lengths of many millimeters. Sensor sensitivity is predicted using numerical models, and the predicted sensitivity is verified through experimental calibrations. The sensor is validated by conducting IVD pressure measurements in porcine discs and comparing the FBG measurements to those obtained using the current standard sensor for IVD pressure. The predicted sensitivity of the FBG sensor matched with that measured experimentally. IVD pressure measurements showed excellent repeatability and agreement with those obtained from the standard sensor. Unlike the current larger sensors, the FBG sensor could be used in discs with small disc height (i.e. cervical or degenerated discs). Therefore, there is potential to conduct new measurements that could lead to new understanding of the biomechanics.

Christopher R Dennison

Peter M Wild

David R Wilson

Peter A Cripton

A minimally invasive in-fiber Bragg grating sensor for intervertebral disc pressure measurements

We present an in-fiber Bragg grating-based sensor (240 µm diameter) for contact force/stress measurements in articular joints. The contact force sensor and another Bragg grating-based pressure sensor (400 µm diameter) are used to conduct the first simultaneous measurements of contact force/stress and fluid pressure in intact cadaveric human hips. The contact force/stress sensor addresses limitations associated with stress-sensitive films, the current standard tools for contact measurements in joints, including cartilage modulus-dependent sensitivity of films and the necessity to remove biomechanically relevant anatomy to implant the films. Because stress-sensitive films require removal of anatomy, it has been impossible to validate the mechanical rationale underlying preventive or corrective surgeries, which repair these anatomies, by conducting simultaneous stress and pressure measurements in intact hips. Methods are presented to insert the Bragg grating-based sensors into the joint, while relevant anatomy is left largely intact. Sensor performance is predicted using numerical models and the predicted sensitivity is verified through experimental calibrations. Contact force/stress and pressure measurements in cadaveric joints exhibited repeatability. With further validation, the Bragg grating-based sensors could be used to study the currently unknown relationships between contact forces and pressures in both healthy and degenerated joints.

Michael K Gilbart

An in-fiber Bragg grating sensor for contact force and stress measurements in articular joints

Underwater images often suffer from color distortion and resolution degradation due to the absorption and scattering of light. To deal with these problems, a novel underwater image restoration framework was designed to remove color deviation and background scattering successively. Firstly, an effective color correction method based on Lab color space is adopted to remove the color cast. Secondly, the color, saturation, and detail information are considered comprehensively to construct the scene depth map and edge map to estimate the transmission, and the relationship between the scattering coefficient and wavelength is used to modify the transmission map of each channel. In addition, a weighted least squares filter with adaptive smoothing parameters is introduced to estimate the local background light, which is applicable to the underwater scene with complex scattering. The experimental results show that the method performs better in color correction and detail enhancement, and the image quality is significantly improved.

Ke Ke

Chunmin Zhang

Yanqiang Wang

Yujiao Zhang

Baoli Yao

Meas. Sci. Technol.

Single underwater image restoration based on color correction and optimized transmission map estimation

Abstract The effectiveness of point cloud registration critically determines three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction accuracy involving multi-view sensors. We introduce a multi-view point cloud registration method based on multi-view spatial coordinate system–ICP to solve the problem of 3D point cloud registration from different viewpoints. By integrating a spatial rotation axis line, our method successfully establishes the spatial coordinate system tailored for multi-view sensors, ensuring that 3D point clouds derived from various perspectives are optimally positioned initially. We employ the ICP technique for point cloud merging, facilitating a seamless transition from coarse to refined registration of these multi-view 3D point clouds. During the process of spatial rotation axis line fitting, we present a Ransac-based algorithm tailored for axis line fitting that effectively removes outliers, thus significantly improving the fitting precision. Experimental results from a standard sphere reconstruction reveal that within a measurement scope of 1.3–1.9 m, our proposed method boasts a maximum error of just 0.069 mm, an average absolute error of 0.039 mm, and a root mean square error of 0.043 mm. The speed of our point cloud registration outpaces that of alternative methods. Our method notably elevates the precision and velocity of 3D point cloud registration across diverse views, demonstrating commendable adaptability and resilience.

Limei Song

Jipeng Zhang

Jing Luo

Yuxiaolong Zhao

Zhi Qiao

MSCS-ICP: point cloud registration method using multi-view spatial coordinate system–ICP

Abstract In the realm of industrial manufacturing, anomaly detection technologies are essential for enhancing production efficiency. This paper aims to optimize the detection of anomalies in industrial manufacturing settings by introducing a novel framework MLAD(Manifest and Latent Anomaly Detection). Firstly, we redefine anomalies as manifest and latent, further subdividing the original categories of structural and logical anomalies. To address the issue of insufficient feature space information utilization in previous reconstruction-based methods, which led to inadequate detection of latent anomalies, we combine a reconstruction-based approach with the Multi-Layer Feature Pyramid K-Nearest Neighbors (MLFP-KNN) technique. Additionally, we introduce a Hybrid Attention mechanism to refine the autoencoder's reconstruction process, thereby enhancing the detection of latent anomalies and increasing overall accuracy.Our experiments on the MVTec LOCO dataset demonstrate that MLAD achieves a significant improvement in anomaly detection, with an Image-level AUROC score of 90.8% and Pixel-level AU-sPRO of 79.3%. The integration of the Hybrid Attention mechanism significantly boosts the precision of anomaly detection, highlighting the effectiveness of our approach in enhancing industrial anomaly detection capabilities. The framework provides a more nuanced understanding of industrial defects, contributing valuable insights and practical improvements to the field of industrial anomaly detection.&amp;#xD;

Pengyan Shao

Tongwei Lu

MLAD: Manifest and Latent Anomaly Detection based on the Integration of Reconstruction and MLFP-KNN Methods

MLAD：基于重构与MLFP-KNN方法集成的显性与隐性异常检测

Abstract This study explores the frequency content of the envelope spectrum of acoustic emission (AE) signals from planetary gearboxes. Since AE signals contain continuous AE and burst-type AE, it is important to determine how different types of amplitude modulation affect these components. Phenomenological simulations of the AE signals were conducted to analyze the influence of the modulations. This approach quantitatively determines how the different harmonics in the envelope spectrum change depending on the level and type of modulation. The modulations under analysis are sinusoidal and single square wave. The simulations indicate that sidebands at the planet gear pass frequency around the gear mesh components are mainly attributed to the modulation of AE bursts, while harmonics at the planet gear pass frequency are primarily attributed to the modulation of the continuous AE. An application case to a wind turbine gearbox is also presented. The study highlights the influence of normal modulations or fault-related modulations in the AE envelope spectra from planetary gearboxes. It provides meaningful insights for establishing AE technology as a consistent condition monitoring technique for planetary gearboxes. The main practical value of the research is providing guidelines for the correct interpretation of AE envelope spectra in planetary gearboxes, which is crucial for avoiding gear failures.

Felix Alberto Leaman Weiffenbach

Phenomenological study of acoustic emissions generated by gear meshing in planetary gearboxes

行星齿轮箱齿轮啮合产生的声发射现象学研究

Abstract In this work, we present the theoretical framework and experimental setup for intensity-varied interferometric autocorrelations. This is done to resolve the manifestations of multiphoton absorption and saturation, while avoiding the complexities of analogous techniques. Our system is demonstrated with the standardised wavelength of 1550 nm, at the centre of the optical communication band, and a conventional silicon photodiode, whose bandstructure allows for multiple pathways for multiphoton absorption. With this system, we see the silicon exhibit negligible one-photon absorption, strong two-photon absorption for intensities up to 160 GW cm −2 , strong three-photon absorption for intensities between 160 and 350 GW cm −2 , and saturation for intensities above 350 GW cm −2 . Ultimately, such results suggest that the proposed theoretical framework and experimental setup are effective tools for nonlinear characterisations of multiphoton absorption and saturation.

Matthias F Jenne

Jonathan F Holzman

Intensity-varied interferometric autocorrelations for characterisations of optical nonlinearity

用于表征光学非线性的强度变化干涉自相关

Abstract Structures are subjected to various external factors during the service life, the structure may have potential safety hazards caused by local damage. In order to accurately perceive the structural safety and identify issues in real-time, it is essential to develop local damage-sensing method for structural members using monitoring data. Therefore, this study proposes a local damage-sensing method for structural components based on stress correlation characteristics. This method relies on stress monitoring data, takes temperature influence into account, and achieves high accuracy in identifying local damage sensitivity. First, a strain response expression method is proposed based on the unit impulse response function and the external excitation function. The strain correlation function for any two measurement points on the structure is derived, and the correlation function between the strain at the measurement point and the strain at a reference point is calculated. The correlation function magnitude vector is constructed from its absolute values, and a component-state perception index is proposed based on the residuals of the magnitude vector of the stress correlation function. The monitoring data of Zhuhai Grand Theatre for 30 days within 5 months are analysed. By applying the proposed method to the Zhuhai Grand Theater, the slowly varying temperature effects are effectively separated, the local damage identification result is in accordance with the presupposed situation, where the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method is confirmed.

Wei Lu

Yan Cui

Xinyi Tan

Jun Teng

Weihua Hu

Local damage-sensing method for structural members based on stress correlation characteristics

基于应力相关特性的结构构件局部损伤传感方法

Abstract Detection of surface defects in strip steel is crucial in industrial automation to ensure steel quality. Recently, learning-based detection methods have gained prominence among researchers for their robust capabilities. However, accurately delineating clear area boundaries remains a challenge, particularly in the complex backgrounds of steel surfaces. In this paper, we propose the Edge-Aware Interactive Refinement Network (EAIRNet) to address this challenge. EAIRNet comprises three core modules: a Multiscale Feature Extractor, a Sal-Edge Interactive Module, and a Regional Attention Guided Module. Firstly, our network extracts multiscale features using ResNet from the steel surface environment. Subsequently, features from encoder's stage 3 to 5 are integrated to derive edge features. The SEIM facilitates interaction between salient and edge features in the decoder stage, thereby enhancing the network's focus on defect area boundaries and refining detection precision. Additionally, we introduce the Regional Attention Guided Module (RAGM) to improve the focus of shallow decoder layers on defect areas. Our EAIRNet's effectiveness is proven through comprehensive experimental results on the public dataset named SD-Saliency-900, in comparison to state-of-the-art methods.

Abbreviation	Meas. Sci. Technol.
Journal Impact	2.56
Quartiles(Global)	INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION(Q2)

ISSN	0957-0233, 1361-6501
h-index	156

Publication Information	Publisher: IOP Publishing Ltd.，Publishing cycle: Monthly，Journal Type: journal，Open Access Journals: No
Basic data	Year of publication: 1990，Proportion of original research papers: 97.88%，Self Citation Rate:22.20%， Gold OA Rate: 12.71%
Average review cycle	网友分享经验：平均4.0个月
Average recruitment ratio	网友分享经验：80%

Measurement Science and Technology

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